Advantages for EU citizens
EU citizens do not have to give up their existing citizenship. You do not need a conventional residence permit (Aufenthaltserlaubnis); instead, you can present the certificate of free movement (Freizügigkeitsbescheinigung, the EU registration certificate) as proof of residence. Documents from your home country are often easier to obtain.
Which documents do EU citizens need?
You will need: an EU national identity card or passport, the certificate of free movement (Freizügigkeitsbescheinigung) or a registration confirmation (Meldebestätigung), a birth certificate with a certified translation (unless it is in German), and a marriage certificate (if applicable). No police clearance certificate (Führungszeugnis) from your home country is required, and no legalisation.
The same requirements as everyone else
Despite the simplified document situation, the same basic requirements apply: 5 years of residence (or 3 years if married to a German citizen), German language skills at level B1, a clean criminal record, the citizenship test (Einbürgerungstest) and the ability to support yourself financially. So EU citizens are not automatically qualified — only the process is easier.
Frequently asked questions
Do I have to take the citizenship test as an EU citizen?
Yes — the citizenship test (Einbürgerungstest) is mandatory for everyone, regardless of nationality. Exemptions apply only if you hold a German school-leaving qualification or have a disability.
Will I lose my EU identity card after naturalisation?
No. Since, as an EU citizen, you can keep dual citizenship, you remain a citizen of your home country and can continue to use its documents.
Is the registration certificate enough instead of a residence permit?
Yes — EU citizens do not need a separate residence permit (Aufenthaltserlaubnis). The re-registration certificate (Ummeldebescheinigung, i.e. the Freizügigkeitsbescheinigung) counts as proof of lawful residence.