The 3-year rule for married couples
If you are married to a German citizen and have been living lawfully in Germany for at least 3 years, you can apply for naturalization — instead of the usual 5 years. There is one additional requirement: at the time of naturalization, the marriage must have existed for at least 2 years.
What other requirements apply?
Even when you qualify through marriage to a German citizen, all the other naturalization requirements still apply: German language skills at level B1, a clean criminal record, the ability to support yourself financially, and a passed citizenship test (Einbürgerungstest). Since the StAG reform of 27.06.2024, you generally no longer have to give up your previous citizenship — as a rule, you can acquire German citizenship in addition to your existing one (dual or multiple citizenship).
What if the marriage breaks down?
If the marriage ends in divorce after naturalization, this has no effect on your German citizenship. Anyone who obtained naturalization by deception (e.g. a sham marriage) can lose it — but an honest divorce after naturalization is not a problem.
Frequently asked questions
Is a registered civil partnership enough?
Yes — registered civil partnerships with a German citizen are treated the same as marriage and also make naturalization possible after 3 years.
Does the time before the wedding count?
Yes. The 3-year residence period runs from the start of your lawful residence — not from the wedding date. However, the marriage must have existed for at least 2 years when you submit your application.
What if my partner is not yet a German citizen?
Then the normal 5-year period applies. The shortened period only applies if your spouse is already a German citizen.